Arctic Edge

A light, low-odor glycol used as a solvent and humectant, extremely common in Korean toners and essences. It has a low reported irritation rate and is graded low concern in published assessments.

The base most products are built on. It carries the other ingredients and has no safety concern.

A small humectant and solvent molecule that helps other ingredients dissolve and helps skin hold water. It is one of the most studied cosmetic ingredients and is considered safe at the concentrations used in personal care products.

The sodium salt of stearic acid, used mainly to firm up stick deodorant bases and as a mild cleansing/emulsifying agent; CIR's fatty acid salts review found only minimal to mild irritation in concentrated, undiluted testing and no restriction on cosmetic use.

An undisclosed scent blend that can contain dozens of components. The single most common cause of cosmetic contact allergy, and the blend is not itemized, so you cannot see what is in it.

A buffering agent used in small amounts to maintain or adjust the pH of formulas to keep them skin-friendly. It is not added as an active ingredient but to keep the product at a safe and stable pH level.

A chelating agent that binds trace metal ions to keep formulas stable and preservatives working properly. It is not a functional skincare "active" and only a very small amount is used, with minimal skin penetration expected.

A small-dose synthetic antioxidant that prevents oils and fragrance in a formula from oxidizing. Not shown to pose a toxicological risk at the levels used in cosmetics.

A silicone that gives a smooth, soft feel and helps hold water in the skin. Inert and well studied.

An FDA-approved synthetic colorant used in cosmetics to impart green tones. Green dye sensitivity is rare but possible in individuals with heightened color sensitivity. Generally well tolerated at approved cosmetic concentrations.