Hydrating Camo Concealer

The base most products are built on. It carries the other ingredients and has no safety concern.

A lightweight, volatile silicone that gives serums and primers their silky slip and quick-evaporating finish. Human safety data are reassuring; the EU restriction on this ingredient in rinse-off products is about environmental persistence in waterways, not skin safety.

A small humectant and solvent molecule that helps other ingredients dissolve and helps skin hold water. It is one of the most studied cosmetic ingredients and is considered safe at the concentrations used in personal care products.

A lightweight ester that conditions skin and helps other ingredients dissolve evenly in formulas. It is well tolerated in cosmetics and has no known safety concerns at typical use levels.

Trimethylsiloxysilicate is a silicone resin built from trimethylsiloxy and silicate units, used in makeup and skin and hair products to form a light, flexible film that adds body, wear, and a soft-focus finish. CIR's expert panel reviewed clinical and animal data on this and related silylates and concluded the ingredient is safe as used, provided the finished product is formulated so it isn't irritating to the eyes or respiratory tract when it's inhaled as a fine powder or aerosol.

This is a water-in-oil emulsifier made by joining polyglycerin with isostearic, polyhydroxystearic, and sebacic acids, used in creams, sunscreens, and makeup removers to hold oil and water phases together without added surfactants. It has not had its own dedicated safety review, but CIR has separately reviewed both the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester family and the fatty acids that make it up and found each safe in cosmetic use, which is supportive context rather than a direct finding on this exact molecule.

Ethylhexyl Hydroxystearate is a fatty ester used as an emollient that leaves a smooth, non tacky finish in lip products, creams, and hair care. CIR reviewed it within the alkyl esters group and concluded it is safe as used at concentrations up to 18% when the finished product is formulated to be nonirritating.

A silicone-based conditioning agent that adds smoothness and soft feel to formulas. Silicones in cosmetics are not absorbed by the skin and rinse cleanly, making them well-tolerated for most users.

A silicone emulsifier combining polyethylene glycol and dimethicone to help blend water and oil phases in serums and primers. Limited but consistent data support its safety in cosmetic formulations.

A quaternized clay mineral used to thicken and suspend products. CIR found it safe as used, though the mineral base means trace amounts of inhalable silica particles exist if the powder form is aerosolized. It is well tolerated in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics when formulated properly.

Ordinary salt, used in surfactant-based products like shampoos and body washes to adjust viscosity by interacting with the surfactant micelles. It has no meaningful toxicity concern at cosmetic use levels; the main practical downside is that too much can make a formula feel less mild.

A widely used preservative, safe at the legal limit of 1% or less. Often the "paraben-free" replacement.

A silicone that gives a smooth, soft feel and helps hold water in the skin. Inert and well studied.

Trihydroxystearin is a wax like triester made by hydrogenating castor oil, used as a fine powder that thickens formulas and gives pressed powders, lipsticks, and creams a smoother glide. CIR's safety review found no skin irritation in clinical testing and no mutagenicity in Ames testing, though the raw ingredient was a mild eye irritant in animal testing, and concluded it is safe as used up to 5%.

A mineral thickener and anti-caking agent widely used in sunscreens and cosmetics to control texture and prevent ingredient separation. CIR has reviewed silica in cosmetic use and found no basis for concern at the levels used topically.

Caprylyl glycol is a plant-derived humectant that also has mild antimicrobial properties, so it is commonly paired with other preservatives to allow lower overall preservative levels. Available data do not point to meaningful irritation or sensitization concerns at typical use levels.

A glycerin derivative used as a skin conditioner and preservative booster, often paired with phenoxyethanol to allow lower total preservative levels. It has a low irritation and sensitization profile in safety reviews.

A chelating agent that binds trace metal ions to keep formulas stable and preservatives working properly. It is not a functional skincare "active" and only a very small amount is used, with minimal skin penetration expected.

A humectant that holds water at the skin surface for a more hydrated look. No safety concern.

A hydrosol from damascena rose flowers, used as a skin toner and fragrance. Rose can trigger allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals, though the hydrosol form is generally well tolerated. People with a history of plant sensitivities should patch test.

A mineral UV filter and white pigment used in sunscreens and makeup. It sits on the skin surface rather than being absorbed, and major regulators consider it safe for topical cosmetic use.

Mineral pigments used to add color to cosmetics. Iron oxides are FDA-approved colorants with a well-established safety record in cosmetic formulations.